Leaking chaotic systems Author(s): Eduardo G. Altmann, Jefferson S. E. Portela, and Tamás TélWhen a hole or a leak is introduced in an otherwise closed chaotic system, persistent dynamics is converted into transient chaos. T …
Colloquium: New physics search with flavor in the LHC era Author(s): Tobias Hurth and Farvah MahmoudiThis Colloquium is a status report on quark flavor physics in view of the latest data from the B factories and the CERN LHC and the implication of these data …
Ion acceleration by superintense laser-plasma interaction Author(s): Andrea Macchi, Marco Borghesi, and Matteo PassoniLaser-plasma acceleration of ions has been making steady progress, with the ability now to generate ultrashort, multi-MeV ion bunches in ext …
Theory and application of explicitly correlated Gaussians Author(s): Jim Mitroy, Sergiy Bubin, Wataru Horiuchi, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Ludwik Adamowicz, Wojciech Cencek, Krzysztof Szalewicz, Jacek Komasa, D. Blume, and Kálmán VargaAmong the theoretical approaches …
The spin structure of the nucleon Author(s): Christine A. Aidala, Steven D. Bass, Delia Hasch, and Gerhard K. MallotThroughout much of the twentieth century, the nucleon spin has been—just as the spin of the electron—viewed as an intr …
Colloquium: Modeling friction: From nanoscale to mesoscale Author(s): Andrea Vanossi, Nicola Manini, Michael Urbakh, Stefano Zapperi, and Erio TosattiFriction is a fundamental phenomenon that affects many different areas of human life and technology. In this …
Cold atoms in cavity-generated dynamical optical potentials Author(s): Helmut Ritsch, Peter Domokos, Ferdinand Brennecke, and Tilman EsslingerWhen an atomic particle is placed inside a high-finesse electromagnetic cavity and is coupled to its radiation field, …
Magnetic cluster excitations Author(s): Albert Furrer and Oliver WaldmannMagnetic clusters, that is, isolated assemblies of spins ranging in number from a few to several hundred, are both ideal model systems for the study of magn …
Quantum fluids of light Author(s): Iacopo Carusotto and Cristiano CiutiIn vacuum an assembly of photons is a textbook example of a noninteracting Bose gas, each photon crossing the container along a straight line independent …
Colloquium: Perspectives on core-collapse supernova theory Author(s): Adam BurrowsEven stars die, and when those most massive do, they do it in the most spectacular ways. However, our theoretical understanding of the mechanisms of one of nature’s most extraor …
Colloquium: Spontaneous magnon decays Author(s): M. E. Zhitomirsky and A. L. ChernyshevMagnetism is the prototypical many-body phenomenon. It is only through spin-spin interactions that symmetries can be broken and magnetic order or a spi …
Femtosecond x rays from laser-plasma accelerators Author(s): S. Corde, K. Ta Phuoc, G. Lambert, R. Fitour, V. Malka, A. Rousse, A. Beck, and E. LefebvreA number of mechanisms for generation of x rays from the interaction of short-pulse lasers with un …
Stochastic models of intracellular transport Author(s): Paul C. Bressloff and Jay M. NewbyIn a living cell, the transport of the proper molecules to the proper locations within the cell is critical. Since Brownian motion dominates at the scale o …
Colloquium: Three-body forces: From cold atoms to nuclei Author(s): Hans-Werner Hammer, Andreas Nogga, and Achim SchwenkWhen particles strongly interact, new phenomena can emerge. In this Colloquium, the significance and implications of interactions between …
Neutral pion lifetime measurements and the QCD chiral anomaly Author(s): A. M. Bernstein and Barry R. HolsteinPions, the lightest mesons, are considered to be the Goldstone bosons associated with the spontaneously broken chiral symmetry. The neutral pion plays a …
Nuclear spin physics in quantum dots: An optical investigation Author(s): Bernhard Urbaszek, Xavier Marie, Thierry Amand, Olivier Krebs, Paul Voisin, Patrick Maletinsky, Alexander Högele, and Atac ImamogluIndividual electrons and holes confined to a semiconductor …
Steady-state tokamak research: Core physics Author(s): M. Kikuchi and M. AzumiDeveloping a steady-state fusion reactor from the leading fusion plasma confinement device, the tokamak, is critical for fusion success. This article reviews the majo …
Nonequilibrium phenomena in high Landau levels Author(s): I. A. Dmitriev, A. D. Mirlin, D. G. Polyakov, and M. A. ZudovThe physics of two-dimensional electron systems placed in moderately strong perpendicular magnetic fields continues to be an act …
The properties of hydrogen and helium under extreme conditions Author(s): Jeffrey M. McMahon, Miguel A. Morales, Carlo Pierleoni, and David M. CeperleyHydrogen and helium, the most abundant elements in the Universe, show extraordinary properties under extreme con …